mouse monoclonal IgG2a; Smad1/2/3 Antibody (H-2) is an IgG2a κ mouse monoclonal Smad1/2/3 antibody that detects the Smad1/2/3 protein of mouse, rat, human and mink origin by WB, IP, IF, IHC(P) and ELISA. Smad1/2/3 Antibody (H-2) is available as both the non-conjugated anti-Smad1/2/3 antibody form, as well as multiple conjugated forms of anti-Smad1/2/3 antibody, including agarose, HRP, PE, FITC and multiple Alexa Fluor® conjugates. Smad proteins, the mammalian homologs of the Drosophila Mothers against dpp (Mad), have been implicated as downstream effectors of TGFβ/BMP signaling. Smad1 (also designated Madr1 or JV4-1) and Smad5 are effectors of BMP2 and BMP4 function, while Smad2 (also designated Madr2 or JV18-1) and Smad3 are involved in TGFβ and activin-mediated growth modulation. Smad4 (also designated DPC4) has been shown to mediate all of the above activities through interaction with various Smad family members. Smad6 and Smad7 regulate the response to activin/TGFβ signaling by interfering with TGFβ-mediated phosphorylation of other Smad family members.