This presentation explores the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of β-lactam antibiotic dosing, particularly in ICU patients. To optimize PK/PD targets, two strategies are possible and include population level and individual Precision Dosing approaches. This presentation emphasizes the critical need for precise dosing strategies to optimize β-lactam exposures to improve efficacy. Variability in PK, driven by high inter-individual variability in clearance and volume, translates to poor target attainment and underscores the importance of tailored Precision Dosing approaches. The presentation also touches on Bayesian probability concepts, showcasing how conditional probabilities can aid in decision-making for Precision antibiotic dosing strategies. Challenges related to therapeutic drug monitoring and its role in refining antibiotic administration are addressed. Alternate population level approaches such as prolonged infusion methods are discussed for the ability to increase achievement of therapeutic targets in sepsis.

Learning Objectives:

1. Review the PK/PD for β-lactams.

2. Describe variability in β-lactam exposures.

3. List strategies to achieve targets.

4. Review recent clinical literature on strategy outcomes.